Top 10 Places To Visit In Bihar

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Bihar Tourism: A Cultural and Historical Odyssey

Bihar, a state in eastern India, boasts a rich cultural and historical heritage that has played a significant role in shaping India’s history. From ancient universities and sacred Buddhist sites to monumental structures and unique experiences, Bihar has it all. In this article, we will explore some of the most popular destinations, monuments, and experiences that make Bihar tourism unforgettable.

Historical Sites in Bihar

Bodhgaya

Bodhgaya, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a sacred place for Buddhists as it’s where Lord Buddha attained enlightenment. The Mahabodhi Temple Complex houses the Bodhi Tree, under which Buddha gained spiritual awakening. The temple and its surroundings provide a serene atmosphere for pilgrims and tourists alike.

Nalanda University

Founded in the 5th century CE, Nalanda University was once a prominent center of learning and the world’s first residential university. The ancient ruins of this prestigious institution give visitors a glimpse into its glorious past. Excavations have uncovered temples, monasteries, and lecture halls that showcase its architectural brilliance.

Vaishali

Vaishali, an ancient city with historical and religious significance, is believed to be the birthplace of Lord Mahavira, the 24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism. It is also where Buddha delivered his last sermon. The Ashokan Pillar, built by Emperor Ashoka, is a remarkable monument to visit in Vaishali.

Patna

Patna, the capital city of Bihar, is a bustling metropolis steeped in history. Notable attractions include Golghar, an impressive granary built in 1786, and Patna Museum, which houses a vast collection of artifacts from the region’s history.

Rajgir

Rajgir, an ancient city surrounded by hills, was once the capital of the Magadha Empire. It is known for its hot springs, ancient ruins, and religious sites. The Vishwa Shanti Stupa, a peace pagoda, and the ancient Ajatshatru Fort are popular attractions worth visiting.

Vikramshila

Vikramshila, a renowned ancient university, was established by King Dharmapala in the 8th century CE. It was a prominent center of Buddhist learning, attracting scholars from all over the world. The ruins of Vikramshila offer a fascinating insight into the architectural and educational prowess of ancient India.

Kesaria

Kesaria is home to the tallest and largest Buddhist stupa in the world, the Kesaria Stupa. Built by Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, the stupa commemorates Buddha’s last moments before he ascended to the Tushita Heaven. This architectural marvel attracts numerous visitors each year.

Barabar Caves

The Barabar Caves, the oldest rock-cut caves in India, date back to the Mauryan period (322–185 BCE). These caves served as meditation and dwelling places for Buddhist and Jain monks. The intricate carvings and inscriptions on the cave walls provide valuable information about ancient Indian history.

Jalmandir Pawapuri

Pawapuri, a holy site for Jains, is where Lord Mahavira attained nirvana. Jalmandir, a beautiful marble temple, stands in the middle of a lotus-filled lake, marking the place where Mahavira’s mortal remains were cremated. The temple’s serene surroundings offer a peaceful retreat for visitors.

Iconic Monuments and Temples

Mahabodhi Temple

The Mahabodhi Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the most revered Buddhist pilgrimage sites. The temple complex houses the Bodhi Tree and the Vajrasana, the spot where Buddha sat and attained enlightenment. The temple’s intricate carvings and sculptures make it an architectural masterpiece.

Hieun Tsang Memorial Hall

Dedicated to the famous Chinese traveler and scholar Hieun Tsang, the Memorial Hall in Nalanda celebrates his contributions to the documentation of Indian history and Buddhism. The hall houses a museum showcasing artifacts and manuscripts, providing insights into the life and times of Hieun Tsang.

Golghar

Golghar, a unique beehive-shaped granary in Patna, was built in 1786 by Captain John Garstin. This historical structure offers a panoramic view of the city and the Ganges River from its top. The spiral staircase that winds around the structure adds to its architectural charm.

Patan Devi Temple

One of the oldest temples in Patna, Patan Devi Temple is dedicated to the goddess Durga. It is believed that a part of Sati’s body fell at this spot, making it a Shakti Peeth. The temple attracts devotees and tourists seeking spiritual solace and blessings.

A Glimpse of Bihar’s History and Cultural Heritage

Magadha Empire and Ashoka Pillar

The Magadha Empire, with its capital at Pataliputra (modern-day Patna), was one of the largest and most powerful empires in ancient India. Emperor Ashoka, a significant figure in the empire, erected numerous pillars across India, including the Ashoka Pillar in Vaishali, which stands as a testament to his rule and the Mauryan dynasty.

Buddhist Pilgrimage and Ancient Education

Bihar’s rich Buddhist heritage includes important pilgrimage sites like Bodhgaya, Rajgir, and Nalanda. The state’s ancient universities, Nalanda and Vikramshila, were global centers of learning, attracting scholars and students from far and wide. These institutions laid the foundation for advanced education and contributed significantly to the dissemination of knowledge.

Archaeological Sites

Bihar’s archaeological sites, such as the ruins of Nalanda University, Vikramshila, and ancient cities like Rajgir and Vaishali, offer glimpses into the region’s rich past. Excavations have unearthed valuable artifacts and structures that provide a better understanding of ancient Indian history and culture.

Unique Experiences in Bihar

Sonepur Cattle Fair

The Sonepur Cattle Fair, held annually in the Sonepur district, is one of the largest livestock fairs in Asia. It attracts traders, buyers, and tourists from all over India and beyond. The fair offers a unique opportunity to witness and participate in the vibrant culture and tradition of rural Bihar.

Bhagalpur Silk City

Bhagalpur, also known as Silk City, is famous for its exquisite Tussar silk and silk products. The city’s skilled weavers and artisans produce high-quality silk sarees, stoles, and fabrics. Visitors can explore the bustling markets and witness the silk-making process firsthand.

Sanjay Gandhi Jaivik Udyan

The Sanjay Gandhi Jaivik Udyan, also known as Patna Zoo, is a popular destination for nature and wildlife enthusiasts. Spread over 152 acres, the park houses a diverse range of flora and fauna, including tigers, leopards, and various species of birds. The botanical garden, aquarium, and toy train make it an ideal destination for a family outing.

Sher Shah Suri Tomb

The tomb of Sher Shah Suri, the founder of the Suri dynasty, is located in Sasaram, Bihar. This stunning red sandstone mausoleum is an architectural marvel and reflects the Indo-Islamic architectural style. It stands as a reminder of Sher Shah Suri’s contributions to the development of the region.

Conclusion

Bihar tourism offers a captivating journey through India’s rich history, culture, and traditions. With its diverse array of historical sites, iconic monuments, unique experiences, and religious significance, Bihar is a must-visit destination for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of India’s fascinating past.

FAQs

What is the best time to visit Bihar?

The best time to visit Bihar is during the winter months (October to February) when the weather is cool and pleasant.

How can I travel within Bihar?

Public transport, such as buses and auto-rickshaws, is widely available. Alternatively, you can hire a private taxi or rent a car for more comfort and convenience.

What are some popular local delicacies in Bihar?

Litti Chokha, Sattu Paratha, and Khaja are some popular local dishes you must try when visiting Bihar.

Is it safe to travel to Bihar?

Yes, Bihar is generally safe for tourists. However, it is always advisable to take necessary precautions and be aware of your surroundings while traveling.